The Daily Bible Verse

Sunday, February 3, 2008

Catholic Bible Study !

As Catholics were responsible for writing the New Testament (under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit), the Catholic Church doesn't "interpret" the Bible. We explain it. Protestants can only "interpret", because they are not the author (guided by the Holy Spirit), and therefore, can only guess at the possible meaning of a chapter, passage or phrase, just as anyone can only guess at any author's intentions in any other book. As the author, the Catholic Church is the only proper authority to consult in matters pertaining to the Bible

Catholic And Protestant Bibles

The Old Testament

The Protestant Old Testament omits several entire books and parts of two other books. To explain how this came about, it is necessary that we go back to the ancient Jewish Scriptures. The

Hebrew Bible contained only the Old Testament and from its Old Testament it excluded seven entire books - namely, Tobias, Judith, Wisdom, Ecclesiasticus, Baruch, First and Second Machabees - and parts of Esther (10:14 to 16:14) and Daniel (3:24- 90; 13; 14).

These books which are missing in the Jewish Bible came to the Catholic Church with the Septuagint, a pre-Christian Greek translation of the Old Testament. In the Septuagint Version they are placed among and given equal rank with the other Old Testament books as in our Catholic Bible today. Since the Hebrew is older than the Septuagint Bible, the list of books in the former is called the first canon or collection while the catalog of books in the latter is called the second canon or collection. The seven additional books are found only in the second collection and always associated with it.

Jewish opposition to the additional books of the second collection was due to the circumstances in which the Jews lived and to the spirit of the times. During the last centuries which preceded the coming of Christ the Jews - because of the captivities, persecutions and antagonisms from outside nations became more and more conservative and looked with increasing suspicion on anything that was new. Since the additional books were of comparatively recent origin and since some of them were written in Greek - the language of paganism - they naturally aroused the opposition of the Jews. The fact, too, that the early Christians used the Septuagint in their controversies with the Jews only served to confirm the latter in their opposition to this translation of the Old Testament.

The Protestants of the sixteenth century objected to the additional books because of the doctrinal teachings of these books. The Second Book of Machabees, for example, contains the doctrine of purgatory, of prayers and sacrifices for the dead (12:39-46). The book of Tobias teaches the importance in the eyes of God of good works. The Protestants could not reject some without excluding all of the additional books. Hence, in drawing up their list of Old Testament books they went back to the first collection of Biblical books of the Palestinian Jews. They removed the additional books, which had been in the Bible up till 1517 and placed them at the end of the Bible in a special appendix. In addition, they labelled them as "apocryphal" (spurious, uninspired), a designation which helped to lower them in the estimation of Protestant readers.

The Lutheran and Anglican Bibles still carry these books in the appendix or give them at least a secondary place. But the other Protestant churches reject them entirely. In 1827 the British and Foreign Bible Society decided not to print or handle Bibles that contained the additional books and not to aid financially companies that published Bibles containing them. As a result these books have practically disappeared from Protestant Bibles.

The Catholic Church has always considered these books as inspired and of the same rank as the other Old Testament books. Her attitude is based upon the following facts:

1) The Apostles and New Testament writers quoted principally the Septuagint. In fact, of the three hundred and fifty Old Testament quotations found in the New Testament, about three hundred are taken from the Septuagint.

2) Some of the New Testament writers made use of the additional books themselves, particularly of the Book of Wisdom, which seems to have been St. Paul's favorite volume. The Epistle of St. James - to take another example - shows an acquaintance with the Book of Ecclesiasticus. If the Apostles and New Testament writers used some of the additional books, did they not thereby approve the entire Septuagint collection?

3) The additional books were accepted in the Church from the beginning. The Epistle of Pope Clement, written before the end of the first century, makes use of Ecclesiasticus and Wisdom, gives an analysis of the book of Judith, and quotes from the additional sections of the book of Esther. The same is true of other early Christian writers.

4) The oldest Christian Bibles in existence (Codex Vaticanus, etc.) contain the additional books intermingled with the rest, just as we find them in the Catholic Bibles today.

5) The oldest Christian lists of Biblical books contain the additional books. In 382 Pope Damasus in a Roman Council issued a formal list of Old and New Testament books and the list contains the same books as we have in our Bibles.

6) Finally, Christian art of the first four centuries - especially that found in the catacombs and cemeteries - furnishes among others the following illustrations from the additional books: Tobias with the fish (Tobias 6), Susanna (Daniel 13), Daniel and the dragon (Daniel 14), the angel with the three children in the fiery furnace (Daniel 3:49), Habacuc and Daniel in the lion's den (Daniel 14:35).

1 comment:

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October 18, 2007悉怛多缽怛囉阿門
***英國哲學家培根說過:『歷(讀)史令人明智。』



英國哲學家培根說過:『歷(讀)史令人明智。』

全文(翻譯及原文)

培根《論讀書》

  讀書足以怡情,足以博彩,足以長才。其怡情也,最見於獨處幽居之時;其傅彩也,最見於高談闊論之中;其長才也,最見於處世判事之際。練達之士雖能分別處理細事或一一判別枝節,然縱觀統籌、全局策劃,則舍好學深思者莫屬。讀書費時過多易惰,文采藻飾太盛則矯,全憑條文斷事乃學究故態。讀書補天然之不足,經驗又補讀書之不足,蓋天生才幹猶如自然花草,讀書然後知如何修剪移接;而書中所示,如不以經驗範之,則又大而無當。有一技之長者鄙讀書,無知者羨讀書,唯明智之士用讀書,然書並不以用處告人,用書之智不在書中,而在書外,全憑觀察得之。讀書時不可存心詰難作者,不可盡信書上所言,亦不可只為尋章摘句,而應推敲細思。書有可淺嘗者,有可吞食者,少數則須咀嚼消化。換言之,有只須讀其部分者,有只須大體涉獵者,少數則須全讀,讀時須全神貫注,孜孜不倦。書亦可請人代讀,取其所作摘要,但只限題材較次或價值不高者,否則書經提煉猶如水經蒸餾、淡而無味矣。
*** <
  讀書使人充實,討論使人機智,筆記使人準確。因此不常作筆記者須記憶特強,不常討論者須天生聰穎,不常讀書者須欺世有術,始能無知而顯有知。讀史使人明智,讀詩使人靈秀,數學使人周密,科學使人深刻,倫理學使人莊重,邏輯修辭之學使人善辯:凡有所學,皆成性格。人之才智但有滯礙,無不可讀適當之書使之順暢,一如身體百病,皆可借相宜之運動除之。滾球利睾腎,射箭利胸肺,慢步利腸胃,騎術利頭腦,諸如此類。如智力不集中,可令讀數學,蓋演題須全神貫注,稍有分散即須重演;如不能辨異,可令讀經院哲學,蓋是輩皆吹毛求疵之人;如不善求同,不善以一物闡證另一物,可令讀律師之案卷。如此頭腦中凡有缺陷,皆有特藥可醫。 >

Of Study

  STUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business. For expert men can exe-cute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best, from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning, by study; and studies themselves, do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them bothers; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books, else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things.

  Reading make a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not. Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtitle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay, there is no stand or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies; like as diseases of the body, may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man\'s wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the Schoolmen; for they are cymini sectors. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers\' cases. So every defect of the mind, may have a special receipt.
參考資料 < cite > http://www.peacehall.com/forum/qglt/598.shtml < /cite >









我不想 說 誇大不實ㄉ話
不妄語 綺語 兩舌 要平等恭敬

仍戒殺放生 吃素吃蔬食 斷惡修善 [喝酒就會是下地獄ㄉ因]

*

悉怛多缽怛囉 不結婚 不讓人貪愛 可以環球367天




謝謝老師
不要殺盜淫妄
不戰
要 和睦相處 '平等對待

莫殺生 防輕生 要自愛 須放生






::::

UFO:帶我投胎到 有佛法和功名ㄉ星球去

把 好ㄉ文明 也攜帶過去

http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/jw!hWtdGeaEER3NLCUj6UChUlk-/article?mid=568

http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/jw!hWtdGeaEER3NLCUj6UChUlk-/article?mid=568
香巴拉 香格里拉











#

*

同上,上面這票話證明,就算是唸加州理工,只要練了法螺功,一樣練得
神智不清

小結:

這段沒啥賣點,就是不斷抱怨大陸的迫害,大陸迫害法螺功是事實,但
這不表示什麼唬爛都可以拿大陸迫害當理由合理化,更不代表唬爛都是真
的。滿口「澄清真相/象」,結果手法奇差無比,法螺功滿口「大陸造
謠」,結果自己也一樣唬爛法螺嗚嗚響。


















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香格里拉 香巴拉 在雪山

法輪功不屬於佛教 此功是 來滲透佛教亂佛教ㄉ
# 版主 於 June 7, 200
(不要墮落到 三途:貪水災餓鬼道、 瞋火災地獄道、 癡風災畜牲道 )
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[本篇文章引用網址]

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1樓

1樓搶頭香

名人名言論讀書

讀書人怎樣論讀書呢? 我們不妨從西方名人對書所作的各種比喻中細心體
會一下, 也許能幫助我們讀書有嶄新的認識。

●喜讀書

首先, 我們思想一下到底甚麼叫 "讀書" , 讀書的目的是為了甚麼?

亞里斯多德說: 人類需要三方面的知識-----理論﹑實用及鑒別的能力。

赫塞說: 學問就是分辦事物異同的能力。

魯巴金說: 讀書是在別人思想的幫助下, 建立起自己的思想。

培根說: 讀書不是為了雄辯和駁斥, 也不是為了輕信和盲從, 而是為了思
考和權衡。

愛因斯坦說: 讀書是要找出可以使自己昇華的東西。

羅曼. 羅蘭說: 從來沒有戈讀書, 只有人在書中省察自己﹑發現自己和檢
查自己。

●樂讀書

讀書, 既耗時又費神, 何樂之有?

笛卡兒說: 讀一切的好書, 就是和許多高尚的人談話。

伊薩克. 巴羅說: 一個愛書的人, 他必不缺少忠實的朋友﹑良好的導師﹑
可愛的伴侶和優婉的安慰者。

羅素說: 知識是使人類快樂的主要因素。

蘇格拉底說: 讀書是輕易把別人辛苦得來的經驗吸收進來。

培根說: 史鑒使人明智, 詩歌使人巧慧, 數學使人精細, 博物使人深沉,
倫理使人莊重, 邏輯與修辭使人善辯。

●勤讀書

那麼, 應該怎樣讀書才能獲益呢?

史邁爾說: 學間之事, 功夫要精密, 解悟要透徹。蓋學問之益不在讀書之
多, 而在運用之熟。

伏爾泰說: 讀書多而不加思考, 就自以為知道得很多; 思考愈多時, 就發
現自己知道得很少。

狄斯雷利說: 多觀察, 多經驗, 多研究, 是學習中的三大棟樑。

貝靳斯說: 吊兒郎當的學習者並不勝於學習吊兒郎當的人。

最後, 還是佚名者說得最直接了當: 書, 對懶惰皂人是一堆廢紙, 對虛浮
的人是裝璜擺設, 只有對勤學的人才是無價寶貝。

 

作者: 王
* zycxxcz1234 於 October 18, 2007 08:20 AM 回應 | 檢舉


December 30, 2007
辯證

http://blog.udn.com/castvoice/80633


http://youth.ngo.org.tw/dk-study/20060710.htm
http://ccbs.ntu.edu.tw/FULLTEXT/JR-HFU/nx099381.html



http://public1.ntl.gov.tw/publish/sci_knog/49/text37.htm
http://ccbs.ntu.edu.tw/FULLTEXT/JR-BJ001/bj089696.htm
http://taup.yam.org.tw/comm/comm0110/t005-7.htm

http://tw.knowledge.yahoo.com/question/?qid=1607111211153
http://intermargins.net/Forum/2005/lonentai/let10.htm
http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BE%AF%E8%AD%89%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8
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